Lewis Ayres on Rufinus of Aquileia’s Commentary on the Apostles’ Creed: “Rufinus wishes his catechumens to hear scriptural discussion of Father and Son as inviting the deployment of a notion of mystery shaped by pro‐Nicene principles. Rufinus attempts to shape his catechumens' imaginations to hear the words of Scripture both in the light of pro‐Nicene principles and as a text comprehensible only in the light of a particular spiritual transformation. Thus it is not precise enough to say that Rufinus wishes the text to be heard as pro‐Nicene in theology: he wishes the text to be heard and read as a particular type of text, a text whose meaning is intertwined with a spiritual ascent that it itself teaches.”
Catechesis against the Gnostics
Not differentiating between catechumens and fideles, the ease of the quick promotion—these problems that Tertullian identifies in gnostic groups have to do with a more basic problem, and that is the rejection of a kind of faith that involves virtue, a rejection of the notion that Christianity entails a transformed life acquired through disciplina—a word that means not only discipline but education, instruction, and training.